HAVING Clause

Filters the results of a GROUP BY clause. Semantically, the HAVING clause occurs after the GROUP BY operation. It was added to the SQL standard because a WHERE clause cannot specify aggregate functions.

Syntax

HAVING condition[,…]

Parameters

condition

Unambiguously references a grouping column, unless the reference appears in an aggregate function.

Example

The following example returns the employees with salaries greater than $50,000:

=> SELECT employee_last_name, MAX(annual_salary) as "highest_salary"
   FROM employee_dimension
   GROUP BY employee_last_name
   HAVING MAX(annual_salary) > 50000;
 employee_last_name | highest_salary 
--------------------+----------------
 Bauer              |         920149
 Brown              |         569079
 Campbell           |         649998
 Carcetti           |         195175
 Dobisz             |         840902
 Farmer             |         804890
 Fortin             |         481490
 Garcia             |         811231
 Garnett            |         963104
 Gauthier           |         927335
(10 rows)